HTTP
HTTP服务端
- 一个最简单的服务
Go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"net/http"
)
func UserHandler(res http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
fmt.Println("req method", req.Method)
fmt.Println("req url", req.URL)
// 返回响应
res.Write([]byte ("请求到了"))
}
func main() {
// 绑定回调
http.HandleFunc("/user", UserHandler)
// 监听并启动服务
fmt.Println("Server is Running at http://127.0.0.1:9100")
http.ListenAndServe(":9100", nil)
}
- 根据不同请求方法执行不同操作
Go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"net/http"
"os"
)
func UserHandler(res http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
fmt.Println("req method", req.Method)
fmt.Println("req url", req.URL)
// 返回响应
res.Write([]byte ("请求到了"))
}
func HomeHandler(res http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
switch req.Method {
case http.MethodGet:
html, err := os.ReadFile("home.html")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("read home.html err", err)
return
}
res.Write(html)
case http.MethodPost:
res.Header().Set("admin-token", "JFH)Y*#%HBJBFEGJ")
res.Write([]byte("返回了数据。并在响应头添加了token"))
}
}
func main() {
// 绑定回调
http.HandleFunc("/user", UserHandler)
http.HandleFunc("/home", HomeHandler)
// 监听并启动服务
fmt.Println("Server is Running at http://127.0.0.1:9100")
http.ListenAndServe(":9100", nil)
}
- 返回
JSON数据
Go
func GetJsonHandler(res http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
jsonData := make(map[string]string)
jsonData["name"] = "张环"
jsonData["like"] = "跟随元芳"
respData, err := json.Marshal(jsonData)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("转换json数据失败", err)
return
}
res.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
res.Write(respData)
}
func main() {
// 绑定回调
http.HandleFunc("/get_json", GetJsonHandler)
// 监听并启动服务
fmt.Println("Server is Running at http://127.0.0.1:9100")
http.ListenAndServe(":9100", nil)
}
- 返回结构体声明的
JSON，结构体中字段名首字母一定要大写，不然返回为空JSON
GO
func GetStructJson(res http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
type UserInfo struct {
UserName string // UserName 首字母一定要大写
Age int // Age 首字母一定要大写
Like []string
}
userInfo := UserInfo{
UserName: "张三",
Age: 22,
Like: []string {"篮球", "乒乓球", "羽毛球"},
}
respData, err := json.Marshal(userInfo)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("转换json数据失败", err)
return
}
res.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
res.Write(respData)
}
func main() {
// 绑定回调
http.HandleFunc("/user", UserHandler)
http.HandleFunc("/home", HomeHandler)
http.HandleFunc("/get_json", GetJsonHandler)
http.HandleFunc("/get_struct_json", GetStructJson)
// 监听并启动服务
fmt.Println("Server is Running at http://127.0.0.1:9100")
http.ListenAndServe(":9100", nil)
}
HTTP客户端
Go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
res, err := http.Get("http://127.0.0.1:9100/get_struct_json")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("http.Get err", err)
return
}
data, err := io.ReadAll(res.Body)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("read data err", err)
return
}
// {"UserName":"张三","Age":22,"Like":["篮球","乒乓球","羽毛球"]}
fmt.Println(string(data))
}
HTTP常用状态码
Go
http.StatusContinue = 100
http.StatusOK = 200
http.StatusMovedPermanently = 301
http.StatusFound = 302
http.StatusBadRequest = 400
http.StatusUnauthorized = 401
http.StatusForbidden = 403
http.StatusNotFound = 404
http.StatusMethodNotAllowed = 405
http.StatusInternalServerError = 500
http.StatusBadGateway = 502
http.StatusGatewayTimeout = 504
实战
实现功能：请求接口，解析接口数据，然后筛选出符合条件的数据，将数据写入
json文件中
Go
package main
import (
"bufio"
"encoding/json"
"io"
"log"
"net/http"
"os"
)
const requestUrl = "https://xxxxxxxxxx?mobileType=-1&mobileArea=-1&isLength=1&startTime=2024-06-10+00:00:00&endTime=2024-06-26+23:59:59&ecid=108683&msgtype=0&page=1&limit=100"
// 接口请求会来的数据结构
type ResponseData struct {
Code int `json:"code"`
Msg string `json:"msg"`
Data ResData `json:"data"`
}
type ResData struct {
Records []Record `json:"records"`
}
type Record struct {
UserID string `json:"userid"`
Phone string `json:"phone"`
MobileType int `json:"mobileType"`
MobileArea int `json:"mobileArea"`
IsLength int `json:"isLength"`
ErrorCode string `json:"errorCode"`
ErrorDesc *string `json:"errorDesc"` // 使用指针以允许 null 值
CustID string `json:"custid"`
PtMsgID string `json:"ptmsgid"`
SendTime string `json:"sendTime"`
RecvTime string `json:"recvTime"`
Message string `json:"message"`
PkTotal int `json:"pktotal"`
Strip *string `json:"strip"` // 使用指针以允许 null 值
WordNum int `json:"wordNum"`
TotalWords int `json:"totalwords"`
MsgSrcIP string `json:"msgsrcip"`
}
func fetchSmsSendData() {
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", requestUrl, nil)
// 设置需要的请求头
req.Header.Add("Authorization", "Authorization")
req.Header.Add("Cookie", "Cookie")
if err != nil {
log.Printf("构建请求失败：%s", err)
return
}
res, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
log.Println("请求中.............")
if err != nil {
log.Printf("请求失败=> %s", err)
return
}
log.Println("请求完成")
body, err := io.ReadAll(res.Body)
if err != nil {
log.Printf("读取res.body失败=> %s", err)
return
}
// 解析响应 并获得想要的数据
var responseData ResponseData
err = json.Unmarshal(body, &responseData)
if err != nil {
log.Printf("序列化res.body失败=> %s", err)
return
}
records := responseData.Data.Records
if len(records) == 0 {
log.Printf("<<<<<<<<<<<<<没有符合的数据>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
return
}
result := make([]Record, 0)
for _, record := range records {
if record.ErrorCode == "M2:0010" {
result = append(result, record)
}
}
log.Printf("<<<<<<<<<<<<<文件筛选完毕，准备写入文件>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
// 将筛选出来的数组写入 json文件中
writeDataToFile(result)
}
func writeDataToFile(data []Record) {
// MarshalIndent 第二个参数表示 新的一行以什么开头 第三个参数表示开头后面跟着的缩进
jsonByteData, err := json.MarshalIndent(data, "", " ")
if err != nil {
log.Printf("data 转换byte失败%s\n", err)
return
}
file, err := os.Create("records.json")
if err != nil {
log.Printf("创建records.json文件失败=> %s\n", err)
return
}
defer file.Close()
// 使用 bufio.Writer 提高写入效率
writer := bufio.NewWriter(file)
// 将 JSON 数据写入文件
_, err = writer.Write(jsonByteData)
if err != nil {
log.Printf("文件写入失败%s\n", err)
return
}
// 刷新 确保所有缓冲数据都写入文件
writer.Flush()
log.Printf("<<<<<<<<<<<<<文件写入完成>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
}
func main() {
fetchSmsSendData()
}